Thirty some years of industrial growth placed the United States on top of world production, but it came at a cost.  Unbridled capitalism brought with it social, political, ecological, and economic challenges.  The era of Progressivism was the national response, as local, state, and federal agencies and organizations strove to create a balance between the interests of business and individuals.  Progressive reforms touched on all these elements of society.

       In addition, the U.S. began to flex its muscle in regional affairs.  This led to war with the old European power Spain, and launched America into the age of empire building.  Still, America tried to avoid involvement in the ongoing intrigue back in Europe.  However, a storm was brewing back on the old continent that would ultimately lead to WWI.  By this time the United States was not as isolated as some might have hoped, and the country would eventually play a decisive role in the Great War.  The U.S., by this time was now also a world military power.